Leaf Functional Traits of Zanthoxylum planispinum ‘Dintanensis’ Plantations with Different Planting Combinations and Their Responses to Soil

Leaf structural and physiological traits, nutrients, other functional properties reflect the ability of plants to self-regulate adapt environment. Species diversity can positively affect plant growth by improving habitat, offers mutual interspecies benefits. Therefore, optimizing types grown in a specific area is conducive achieving sustainable development goals for growth. In this study, companion planting Zanthoxylum planispinum ‘dintanensis’ (hereafter Z. planispinum) with Prunus salicina Lindl., Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep., Arachis hypogaea L. Lonicera japonica Thunb. was investigated, along monoculture plantation. The effect different combinations on adaptive mechanisms its response soil explored. These results revealed that preferred slow strategy small leaf area, high water content, chlorophyll content after combination P. salicina. Conversely, S. tonkinensis, exhibited fast strategy. Combination A. enabled adopt transition from regulated economy through multiple trait combinations, indicating impacted strategies. adaptability salicina, japonica, decreased turn, only + lower than pure forest. traits were jointly influenced microbial biomass carbon (MBC), MB nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), available N, total P calcium (C:N:P). main contributors component levels stoichiometry elements MB. demonstrated promote or inhibit adjusting traits.